Is the process of growing a layer of oxide on the surface of a Silicon wafer, which creates silicon dioxide (SiO2).

 

THERMAL OXIDE



Thermal oxidation is the process of growing a layer of oxide on the surface of a Silicon wafer, which creates silicon dioxide (SiO2).
Thermal oxidation is accomplished using an oxidation furnace (or diffusion furnace, since oxidation is basically a diffusion process involving oxidant species), which provides the heat needed to elevate the oxidizing ambient temperature.
It has excellent properties that make silicon-based microfabrication more efficient.

High resistivity. Silicon dioxide is a very good insulator with a resistivity > 1 × 1020 Ω cm.

Etching selectivity. Silicon dioxide is resistant to most etching solutions used for metals or silicon. In

Material. Silicon dioxide is produced from silicon atoms of the wafer. It doesn’t require chemicals other than purified oxygen and water.

parallax background

We use two growth methods in our furnaces

Dry Oxidation Growth

Si (solid) + O2 (vapor) ---> SiO2 (solid)
The silicon wafer reacts with the ambient oxygen forming a layer of silicon dioxide on its surface
Film Characteristics:

Molecular Oxygen

Slow growth oxide

High Density

High Breakdown Voltage

Wet Oxidation Growth

Si (solid) + 2H2O (vapor) ---> SiO2 (solid) + 2H2 (vapor)
Hydrogen and oxygen gases are introduced where they react to form water molecules, which are then made to enter the reactor where they diffuse toward the wafers.
Film Characteristics:

Water Vapor

Faster growth rates

More porous than wet oxide

Suitable for higher thickness targets

Thermal Oxide Specifications

Thickness Range,500Å – 100,000Å

Thickness Tolerance, Target ±5%

Within Wafer Uniformity, ±2%

Wafer to Wafer Uniformity, ≀5% or better

Sides Processed, Both

Refractive Index,1.456

Film Stress, -320MPa ±50 (compressive)

Wafer Thickness, 100”m – 2,000”m

Wafer Material, Silicon, Silicon on Insulator, Quartz

Temperature,800˚C – 1080°C

Gases Oxygen, Steam

Equipment, Horizontal Furnace

Available sizes

2” | 50.8 mm
3” | 76.2 mm
4” | 100 mm
5” | 125 mm
6” | 150 mm
8” | 200 mm
12”| 300 mm